Different Types of Mental Health Disorders

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With the increasing lifestyle changes, the number of people going through various types of mental illness increases every day. Researchers are constantly looking for the causes behind these illnesses due to their increasing numbers. Yet, there is still a lot to be discovered. However, most diseases have a definitive list of scientifically identifiable symptoms. 

These days, some mental health disorders are more prevalent than others. Knowing more about them can help you identify them and help friends or family who cannot reach out for help. 

Depression

Depression wreaks havoc in the lives of about 300 million people globally and is the most common mental health disorder you can find. It is seen more commonly among women than in men. The common signs of depression include:

  • Loss of interest in anything
  • General sadness and lack of enthusiasm
  • Feelings of low self-esteem and guilt
  • Exhaustion and lack of sleep 
  • Change in eating habits 

People often think a lack of serotonin in their bodies causes depression. However, depression can be caused due to several other conditions, such as life events, medications, genetic problems, and improper diet.

Anxiety

Anxiety and depression often go hand in hand, and reports show that about 40 million US adults have anxiety. Various factors, including genetics, life events, and brain chemistry, can cause anxiety. Anxiety is easily treated with medication and therapy, yet only 30% of people actively seek treatment for anxiety. 

Bipolar affective disorder

Earlier referred to as manic depression, bipolar disorder is a mood disorder in which a person feels episodes of elation and depression for no specific reason. No definitive cause is established for bipolar disorder, but genetics plays a role. It is also a common mental disorder that often goes undiagnosed in people. Bipolar disorder can be treated with medication and psychosocial support. 

Paranoia

Paranoia is a mental disorder in which a person gets the persistent feeling that people want to get to you. Paranoia can be a symptom of an underlying psychotic disorder such as schizophrenia and paranoid personality. 

Schizophrenia

It is a mental disorder that disrupts a person’s emotions and thinking to distort their perception of reality. A person with schizophrenia can have hallucinations, delusions, and social withdrawal symptoms. Many people confuse schizophrenia with split personality disorder; however, it is not valid. They are rarely aggressive but may get agitated. 

People with schizophrenia are also a high suicide risk and require medical treatments such as medications, hospital care, and rehabilitation. However, there is no cure for this disease, and a person has to manage the episodes lifelong with treatment and care.  

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Picture of Esra Ahmed - MS, NCC, LPC, MHSP
Esra Ahmed - MS, NCC, LPC, MHSP

Experienced Clinical Director with a demonstrated history of working in the hospital & health care industry. Skilled in Anger Management, Healthcare, Medicine, EMDR, and Life Transitions. Strong healthcare services professional with a Masters Degree focused in Psychology from The University of Memphis.

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